Grammar page 2 - Revision history

John2: /* Practice Text 2 */

2008-07-09T08:08:18Z

Practice Text 2

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:08, 9 July 2008
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	Paul is still at the airport and has been sitting and waiting for some time when a man comes up to him.		Paul is still at the airport and has been sitting and waiting for some time when a man comes up to him.

-	*~~じょせい：すみませんが、ブレイさんですか。~~	+	*女性：すみませんが、ブレイさんですか。
	*ポール：はい、ポール・ブレイです。田中さんですか。		*ポール：はい、ポール・ブレイです。田中さんですか。
	*田中：はい、田中です。日本へようこそ。		*田中：はい、田中です。日本へようこそ。

2008-07-08T22:00:03Z

mo Also

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:00, 8 July 2008
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	[Notice there is no movement]		[Notice there is no movement]

-	=== mo Also ===	+	=== も(mo) Also ===

-	も mo means "also" or "too" and like other particles, it is placed after the word it modifies. Let's see some examples:	+	も(mo) means "also" or "too" and like other particles, it is placed after the word it modifies. Let's see some examples:

	PERSON A:<br>		PERSON A:<br>

2008-07-08T21:55:56Z

de - Shows location (at, in)

2008-07-08T21:54:10Z

ni - usually shows movement (to)

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	[NOTE: it makes "book" the object. If we were to say "I" it would be watashi wa at the beginning.]		[NOTE: it makes "book" the object. If we were to say "I" it would be watashi wa at the beginning.]

-	=== ni - usually shows movement (to) ===	+	=== に(ni) - usually shows movement (to) ===
	に ni - usually shows movement (to)		に ni - usually shows movement (to)

	日本にいきましょう！<br>		日本にいきましょう！<br>
		+	にほんにいきましょう！<br>
	nihon ni ikimashou!<br>		nihon ni ikimashou!<br>
	Let's go to Japan!<br>		Let's go to Japan!<br>

2008-07-08T21:49:22Z

o - The Direct Object particle

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	if both are in a sentence, the wa is first.		if both are in a sentence, the wa is first.

-	=== o - The Direct Object particle ===	+	=== を(o) - The Direct Object particle ===
	を o - The Direct Object particle		を o - The Direct Object particle

2008-07-08T21:48:13Z

ga - the subject particle

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:48, 8 July 2008
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	[Makes "you" the main topic]		[Makes "you" the main topic]

-	=== ga - the subject particle ===	+	=== が(ga) - the subject particle ===
	が ''ga'' - the subject particle - sometimes the difference between wa and ga is hard to tell. Sometimes they can be used interchangeably with only a slight change in meaning. More on wa vs ga in the next section.		が ''ga'' - the subject particle - sometimes the difference between wa and ga is hard to tell. Sometimes they can be used interchangeably with only a slight change in meaning. More on wa vs ga in the next section.

2008-07-08T21:47:27Z

wa - overall topic particle

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	In colloquial use, some particles are often omitted. Dropping a particle is called [[無助詞]].		In colloquial use, some particles are often omitted. Dropping a particle is called [[無助詞]].

-	=== wa - overall topic particle ===	+	===は(wa) - overall topic particle ===
	は ''wa'' - overall topic particle - shows the main topic of the conversation (NOTE: it is a hiragana ha but pronounced as "wa" (See [[Wa vs Ha]])		は ''wa'' - overall topic particle - shows the main topic of the conversation (NOTE: it is a hiragana ha but pronounced as "wa" (See [[Wa vs Ha]])

2008-07-08T21:43:56Z

Pronouns

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	Pronouns are not used nearly as much in Japanese as they are in English. Often the pronoun is used once and then after (until the topic shifts to someone else) the pronoun is dropped. Still they are very important!		Pronouns are not used nearly as much in Japanese as they are in English. Often the pronoun is used once and then after (until the topic shifts to someone else) the pronoun is dropped. Still they are very important!

-	Learn ~~watashi~~ and ~~anata~~ well ~~tachi~~ and ra are endings that indicate plurality! Easy! :)	+	Learn 私（わたし（watashi）） and 貴方（あなた（anata）） well たち（tachi） and ら（ra） are endings that indicate plurality! Easy! :)

	* Read more about [[Plurals]]		* Read more about [[Plurals]]
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	\|}		\|}

-	Another meaning of kare (he) is actually "boyfriend" and kanojo is "girlfriend"!<br>	+	Another meaning of 彼/かれ(kare))(he) is actually "boyfriend" and 彼女/かのじょ(kanojo) is "girlfriend"!<br>
	When the meaning is obvious, the pronoun is usually dropped. In context both of the following are clear in meaning:<br>		When the meaning is obvious, the pronoun is usually dropped. In context both of the following are clear in meaning:<br>
	わたしはアメリカからきました。watashi wa amerika kara kimashita. I came from America.<br>		わたしはアメリカからきました。watashi wa amerika kara kimashita. I came from America.<br>

2008-07-08T21:37:05Z

Practice Text 2

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	道【みち】 (n) road; street; way; (P)<br>		道【みち】 (n) road; street; way; (P)<br>
	じゅうたい (n,vs) congestion (e.g., traffic); delay; stagnation; (P)		じゅうたい (n,vs) congestion (e.g., traffic); delay; stagnation; (P)
		+
	----		----
	'''transliteration'''		'''transliteration'''
-	*~~josei：sumimasenga~~, bureisan desuka.	+	*[じょせい]josei：[すみませんが]sumimasenga, [ブレイさん]bureisan [ですか]desuka.
-	*po-~~ru：hai~~, po-ru burei desu. tanakasan desu ka.	+	*[ポール]po-ru：[はい]hai, [ポール・ブレイ]po-ru burei [です]desu. [たなか]tanakasan [です]desu [か]ka.
-	*~~tanaka：hai~~ tanaka desu. nihon e youkoso.	+	*[たなか]tanaka：[はい]hai [たなか]tanaka [です]desu. [にほん]nihon [へ]e [ようこす]youkoso.
-	*po-ru : doushite okuremashita ka. nanika arimashitaka.	+	*[ポール]po-ru : [どうして]doushite [おくれました]okuremashita [か]ka. [なにか]nanika [ありましたか]arimashitaka.
-	*tanaka : gomen ne, jiko de michi ga juutai deshita.	+	*[たなか]tanaka : [ごめん]gomen [ね]ne, [じこ]jiko [で]de [みち]michi [が]ga [じゅうたい]juutai [でした]deshita.
	----		----
	'''translation'''		'''translation'''

2008-07-07T20:48:21Z

Practice Text 2

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:48, 7 July 2008
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	じゅうたい (n,vs) congestion (e.g., traffic); delay; stagnation; (P)		じゅうたい (n,vs) congestion (e.g., traffic); delay; stagnation; (P)
	----		----
		+	'''transliteration'''
	*josei：sumimasenga, bureisan desuka.		*josei：sumimasenga, bureisan desuka.
	*po-ru：hai, po-ru burei desu. tanakasan desu ka.		*po-ru：hai, po-ru burei desu. tanakasan desu ka.
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	*tanaka : gomen ne, jiko de michi ga juutai deshita.		*tanaka : gomen ne, jiko de michi ga juutai deshita.
	----		----
		+	'''translation'''
	*Woman : Excuse me, are you Mr Blay?		*Woman : Excuse me, are you Mr Blay?
	*Paul：Yes. I'm Paul Blay. Are you Mrs Tanaka?		*Paul：Yes. I'm Paul Blay. Are you Mrs Tanaka?