Particles - Revision history

Blutorange at 19:04, 14 May 2010

2010-05-14T19:04:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:04, 14 May 2010
Line 71:		Line 71:
	#Time<br>家へ帰ってから御風呂に入ります。<br>uchi e kaette kara ofuro ni hairimasu.<br>(I) take a bath after returning home.		#Time<br>家へ帰ってから御風呂に入ります。<br>uchi e kaette kara ofuro ni hairimasu.<br>(I) take a bath after returning home.
	#Reason<br>とても高いですから買いません。<br>totemo takai desu kara kaimasen deshita.<br>I do not buy it because it is so expensive.		#Reason<br>とても高いですから買いません。<br>totemo takai desu kara kaimasen deshita.<br>I do not buy it because it is so expensive.
-
-	~~==と to==~~
-	~~#a conjunction simllar to "and" and linking nouns<br>オレンジと林檎とメロンが好きです。<br>orenji to ringo to meron ga suki desu.<br>I like oranges, apples and melons.~~
-	~~#open "and" list of nouns, used to mean "with"<br>先生と話したいですか。<br>sensei to hanashitai desu ka.<br>Would you like to talk with the teacher?~~
-	#logical implication, natural consequence<br>このシャンプーを買うとヘアブラシがついてきます。<br>kono shanpu- o kau to heaburashu ga tsuitekimasu.<br>This shampoo comes with a hair brush. (Lit. [Buying this shampoo.] and [A hairbrush comes along.])
-	~~#quoting particle<br>「分かりませんか」と先生が聞きました<br>wakarimasenka to sensei ga kikimashita<br>"You did not understand?", asked the teacher.~~

	==まで made==		==まで made==
Line 85:		Line 79:
	#Time私は７時から８時まで日本語を勉強します。<br>watashi wa shichi ji kara hachi ji made nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.<br>I study Japanese from seven until eight.		#Time私は７時から８時まで日本語を勉強します。<br>watashi wa shichi ji kara hachi ji made nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.<br>I study Japanese from seven until eight.
	#Reason<br>そこまでする必要はない<br>soko made suru hitsuyou ha nai<br>There is no need do go this far. (meaning "Resort to doing something like this.")		#Reason<br>そこまでする必要はない<br>soko made suru hitsuyou ha nai<br>There is no need do go this far. (meaning "Resort to doing something like this.")
		+
		+	==と to==
		+	#a conjunction simllar to "and" and linking nouns<br>オレンジと林檎とメロンが好きです。<br>orenji to ringo to meron ga suki desu.<br>I like oranges, apples and melons.
		+	#open "and" list of nouns, used to mean "with"<br>先生と話したいですか。<br>sensei to hanashitai desu ka.<br>Would you like to talk with the teacher?
		+	#logical implication, natural consequence<br>このシャンプーを買うとヘアブラシがついてきます。<br>kono shanpu- o kau to heaburashu ga tsuitekimasu.<br>This shampoo comes with a hair brush. (Lit. [Buying this shampoo.] and [A hairbrush comes along.])
		+	#quoting particle<br>「分かりませんか」と先生が聞きました<br>wakarimasenka to sensei ga kikimashita<br>"You did not understand?", asked the teacher.

	==の no==		==の no==
Line 116:		Line 116:
	doitsu go mo hanaseru. <br>		doitsu go mo hanaseru. <br>
	I can also speak German.		I can also speak German.
-	~~==が ga==~~
-	*but
-	~~熊のプーさんが好きですがどらえもんはあまり好きじゃない。 <br>~~
-	~~kuma no pu-san ga suki desu ga, Doraemon wa amari suki ja nai. <br>~~
-	~~I like Winnie the Pooh but I don't like Doraemon too much.~~
-
-	~~NOTE: The first ga in the above example is the subject marker~~
-
-	~~毎日練習しますが･･･ <br>~~
-	~~mainichi renshuu shimasu ga... <br>~~
-	~~Everyday I practice but...~~
-
	==けれども keredomo==		==けれども keredomo==
	(Also けれど, けど)		(Also けれど, けど)

Blutorange: /* ?? kara */

2010-05-14T19:01:29Z

?? kara

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:01, 14 May 2010
Line 66:		Line 66:

	==から kara==		==から kara==
		+	* the opposite of まで
	* from (a starting point in time or place or reason):		* from (a starting point in time or place or reason):
	#Space<br>アメリカから来ました。<br>amerika kara kimashita. <br>(I) came from America.		#Space<br>アメリカから来ました。<br>amerika kara kimashita. <br>(I) came from America.

Blutorange: /* ?? made */

2010-05-14T19:00:44Z

?? made

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:00, 14 May 2010
Line 78:		Line 78:

	==まで made==		==まで made==
-	* until, through, as far as	+	* the opposite of から
-	* TIME:	+	* until, through, as far as, end point (in space, time or reason)
-	~~私は７時から８時まで日本語を勉強します。~~<br>	+
-	watashi wa shichi ji kara hachi ji made nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.<br>	+	#Space<br>此処から東京まで３０分掛かりました。<br>koko kara toukyou made sanjuppun kakarimashita.<br>From here to Tokyo, it took 30 minutes.
-	I study Japanese from seven until eight.	+	#Time私は７時から８時まで日本語を勉強します。<br>watashi wa shichi ji kara hachi ji made nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.<br>I study Japanese from seven until eight.
-	* PLACE:	+	#Reason<br>そこまでする必要はない<br>soko made suru hitsuyou ha nai<br>There is no need do go this far. (meaning "Resort to doing something like this.")
-	~~ここから東京まで３０分かかりました。~~<br>	+
-	~~koko kara toukyou~~ made ~~sanjuppun kakarimashita.~~<br>	+
-	~~From here~~ to ~~Tokyo, it took 30 minutes~~.	+

	==の no==		==の no==

Blutorange: /* ? to */

2010-05-14T18:49:36Z

? to

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 14 May 2010
Line 72:		Line 72:

	==と to==		==と to==
-	1. a conjunction simllar to "and"	+	#a conjunction simllar to "and" and linking nouns<br>オレンジと林檎とメロンが好きです。<br>orenji to ringo to meron ga suki desu.<br>I like oranges, apples and melons.
-		+	#open "and" list of nouns, used to mean "with"<br>先生と話したいですか。<br>sensei to hanashitai desu ka.<br>Would you like to talk with the teacher?
-	~~オレンジとりんごとメロンが好きです。~~<br>	+	#logical implication, natural consequence<br>このシャンプーを買うとヘアブラシがついてきます。<br>kono shanpu- o kau to heaburashu ga tsuitekimasu.<br>This shampoo comes with a hair brush. (Lit. [Buying this shampoo.] and [A hairbrush comes along.])
-	orenji to ringo to meron ga suki desu.<br>	+	#quoting particle<br>「分かりませんか」と先生が聞きました<br>wakarimasenka to sensei ga kikimashita<br>"You did not understand?", asked the teacher.
-	I like oranges, apples and melons	+
-		+
-	2. ~~Used~~ to mean "with"	+
-		+
-	先生と話したいですか。<br>	+
-	sensei to hanashitai desu ka.<br>	+
-	Would you like to talk with the teacher?	+
-		+
-	~~3. A conditional~~	+
-		+
-	このシャンプーを買うとヘアブラシがついてきます。<br>	+
-	kono shanpu- o kau to heaburashu ga tsuitekimasu.<br>	+
-	This shampoo comes with a hair brush. (Lit. ~~If you buy~~ this shampoo it comes ~~with a hair brush~~.)	+

	==まで made==		==まで made==

Blutorange: /* ?? kara */

2010-05-14T18:39:59Z

?? kara

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:39, 14 May 2010
Line 66:		Line 66:

	==から kara==		==から kara==
-	* from (a starting point in time or place)	+	* from (a starting point in time or place or reason):
-	~~アメリカからきました。~~<br>	+	#Space<br>アメリカから来ました。<br>amerika kara kimashita. <br>(I) came from America.
-	amerika kara kimashita. <br>	+	#Time<br>家へ帰ってから御風呂に入ります。<br>uchi e kaette kara ofuro ni hairimasu.<br>(I) take a bath after returning home.
-	(I) came from America.	+	#Reason<br>とても高いですから買いません。<br>totemo takai desu kara kaimasen deshita.<br>I do not buy it because it is so expensive.
-		+
-	~~家へ帰ってからお風呂に入ります。~~<br>	+
-	uchi e kaette kara ofuro ni hairimasu.<br>	+
-	(I) take a bath after returning home.	+
-		+
-	~~晩ご飯を食べてから、勉強をして、九時ごろねます。~~<br>	+
-	~~bangohan o tabete~~ kara~~, benkyou o shite, kyuuji goro nemasu~~.<br>	+
-	~~After dinner, (~~I~~) study, and go to bed at about 9 o'clock~~.	+

	==と to==		==と to==

Blutorange: /* ? o */

2010-05-14T18:33:36Z

? o

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 14 May 2010
Line 14:		Line 14:

	==を o==		==を o==
-	This is the direct object marker. The thing acted upon.<br>	+	1. This is the direct object marker. The thing acted upon.<br>
		+
	・コーヒをのみます。<br>		・コーヒをのみます。<br>
	kouhi o nomimasu<br>		kouhi o nomimasu<br>
Line 39:		Line 40:
	Ken ga rousoku ni hi o tusketa<br>		Ken ga rousoku ni hi o tusketa<br>
	<br>		<br>
		+
		+	2. archaic exclamatory particle<br>ここ　に　ちかく　を　きなきてよ (Manyoshu)<br>come and sing, Oh! close to here

	==へ e==		==へ e==

Blutorange: /* ? ga */

2010-05-14T18:22:55Z

? ga

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:22, 14 May 2010
Line 7:		Line 7:

	==が ga==		==が ga==
-	~~This~~ is the subject ~~marker~~. The one doing the action.	+	Its main function is marking the subject. The one doing the action. Its usages include:
-	~~わたしが~~ watashi ga - 'I' The 'I' is the subject of the action. Always translated as 'I', never 'me.'	+
		+	#subject marker<br>私が<br>watashi ga<br>'I' The 'I' is the subject of the action. Always translated as 'I', never 'me.'
		+	#weak contrastive / "but"<br>済みませんが、今何時ですか<br>sumimasen ga, ima nanji desu ka<br>Excuse me, but what time is it?
		+	#classical genitive marker<br>我が二人寝し / あがせ(Kojiki)<br>waga futari neshi　/ a ga se<br>We two slept together. / my lover

	==を o==		==を o==

Blutorange: /* ? de */

2010-05-14T18:07:46Z

? de

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:07, 14 May 2010
Line 54:		Line 54:
	This is also a multipurpose marker:		This is also a multipurpose marker:
	# by means of <br>くるまでいきましょう。<br>kuruma de ikimashou<br>Let's go by (means of) car.		# by means of <br>くるまでいきましょう。<br>kuruma de ikimashou<br>Let's go by (means of) car.
-	# place where the action happens <br>~~いえでテレビをみます。~~<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.	+	# place where the action happens <br>家でテレビを見ます。<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.
	# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.		# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.
		+	# negation, in certain dialects<br>ドイツ国に行かで<br>doitu koku ni yukade.<br>Not go to Germany.
	[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=34&t=9453#p110958 See this post]		[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=34&t=9453#p110958 See this post]

Phreadom: Fixed forum link (It was using an old format which no longer works).

2008-10-21T08:17:07Z

Fixed forum link (It was using an old format which no longer works).

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:17, 21 October 2008
Line 56:		Line 56:
	# place where the action happens <br>いえでテレビをみます。<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.		# place where the action happens <br>いえでテレビをみます。<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.
	# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.		# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.
-	[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/~~viewthread~~.php?f=34&t=9453#p110958 See this post]	+	[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=34&t=9453#p110958 See this post]

	==から kara==		==から kara==

Phreadom at 08:16, 21 October 2008

2008-10-21T08:16:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:16, 21 October 2008
Line 56:		Line 56:
	# place where the action happens <br>いえでテレビをみます。<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.		# place where the action happens <br>いえでテレビをみます。<br>ie de terebi o mimasu<br>(I) watch tv at home.
	# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.		# cause, reason<br>たいふうで木がたおれました。<br>taifuu de ki ga taoremashita<br>Because of the typhoon, a tree fell.
-	[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewthread.php?~~forum_id~~=34&~~thread_id~~=9453#~~110958~~ See this post]	+	[http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewthread.php?f=34&t=9453#p110958 See this post]

	==から kara==		==から kara==